The combustion system used by the Hoffman Furnaces for brick factories has a very low efficiency. In the current paper, the performance of the combustion system of Hoffman Furnaces of Kolet Pottery Brick Co has improved, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by making changes to the Hoffman Furnace torch, including the converging the torch head, inserting the spring in the pipe to create the swirl flow, shortening the nozzle length for the better mixing of the fuel and air, and more. The changes were simulated in each step with the FLUENT simulation software. Based on the theoretical results and simulation, optimized torch was made and a field test was carried out on it in a brick factory and the gases from their combustion were analyzed. As a result of these reforms, the combustion efficiency of the Hoffman Furnaces has increased from 27% to 47 %, and consumption of fuel oil has decreased by a third. Also, the CO value of 16854 ppm in the old torch was reduced to 298 ppm in the optimized torch and the NO value ranged from 49 to 18 ppm as a result of optimizations.

In previous studies on the use of steel slag in asphalt mixtures, no comparison has been made between different types of slags produced in steel factories in Iran. In this research, in order to evaluate the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures containing different amounts of steel slag and to compare their effects on mixture behaviors, two types of slags – BOF and EAF – were replaced with 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent of coarse part of aggregates. After characterization of limestone aggregates and steel slags using X-ray fluorescence equipment (XRF) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), Marshall mix design method was used to determine the optimum bitumen content. Moreover, the mechanical properties of mixtures using resilient modulus testing at different temperatures and indirect tensile strength testing in both dry and saturated conditions were evaluated. The results showed that the use of steel slag in asphalt mixtures could result in a significant improvement of asphalt mixture properties. Furthermore, moisture sensitivity of mixtures containing steel slags was less than the control mixture.

U “ ncanny” refers to a paradoxical feature in which the object creates attraction and repulsion simultaneously, creating a kind of hatred in cognition; it may manifest itself in a disturbing way, seeming familiar and strange at the same time. The purpose of this research is to show how this Uncanniness occurs in puppet performance, accelerating the three-way communication between the puppet, the puppeteer and the spectator, and strengthening the belief that the puppet or object is alive during the performance. For this purpose, the first step is to study reception theory, which refers to the audience’ s reception of the art work and their understanding and interpretation in order to achieve a kind of established knowledge. In the next step, the occurrence of Uncanniness is established through the study of the double vision theory, which analyzes the process of the spectator’ s imagination in bringing objects and puppets to life on the stage. In this study, by considering the Uncanny meanings and by looking at the story of “ The Sandman” by Frederick Hoffman, the characters and the conflict are first defined in the story’ s three opening letters. Furthermore, the psychological conflict of the protagonist, Nathanael, is presented, who is torn between hallucinations and reality. Nathanael struggles his whole life against posttraumatic stress which comes from a traumatic episode with the sandman in his childhood experience. Until the end of the book it remains unclear whether this experience was real, or just a dream of the young Nathanael. The text clearly leaves the decision open in as much as it offers two understandings: that of Nathanael’ s belief that there is a dark power controlling him, and Clara’ s postulation against this by arguing that it is only a psychological element. The story is partly a subjective description of the proceedings from Nathanael’ s viewpoint which, due to enormous psychological problems, is not likely objective – or possibly objectively portrayed. Hoffman consciously leaves the reader unsure. Of central importance is the “ eyes” theme (interpreted by Freud in his 1919 essay, The Uncanny, as fear of castration), the “ steps” , the robot, and laughter. Puppets also have an immortal aspect compared to humans-puppets do not die but human beings do-but the scene is a place for the subconscious mind and the world within the characters. According to Freud, it can be said that the Uncanny factor has had an effect both on the works and the formation of works of the artist in recreating another in the whole work, and has also had an extraordinary effect on the audience’ s perception and it can be said that this modern duality is full of unconscious desires that can be related to cultural desires and order. The conclusive analysis of the data examines how Uncanny happens and forms a connection between the puppet and the unconscious of the audience. The research method is descriptive and analytical based documented resources.

This paper analyzes how feasible it is to use electric arc Furnace slag as coarse aggregate, and blast Furnace dust as fine aggregate in the manufacture of hot asphalt concrete for roads. Three mixtures were designed using the Ramcodes methodology, the M1 mixture of control with conventional materials, the M2 mixture replacing 50% and the M3 mixture replacing 100% of the conventional aggregates, which were submitted to tests to evaluate the susceptibility to moisture damage and plastic deformation, as well as others to determine the resilient modulus and the fatigue laws for each type of mixture. The mixtures with EAF and BFD presented better mechanical characteristics than the mixture with natural aggregates, met the acceptance requirements and the results of the performance tests are within the required requirements.

Introduction: Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and an autosomal recessive disorder. This was a qualitative case study focusing on lived experiences of the mother of 2 children with Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome.Case Report: The case was a 37-year-old widowed, mother of two children with Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome. The first child had died at age 5 due to breathing and swallowing issues and the second child is now 2 years old and has tracheostomy. The mother's experiences of living with children with Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome were "the disintegration of family life, observing the slow death of a children, understanding the children's feelings, and caring for an ill child".Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the mother had experienced distress due to the disintegration of life, and observing the death of a child, and caring for a sick child. Financial problems, substance abuse, and the death of the spouse were due to the crippling costs and issues of the disease.

Background and Objectives: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is one of the neurodegenerative disorders leading to weakness and atrophy of voluntary muscles. This disease forms the second most common fatal autosomal recessive disease after cystic fibrosis, with an incidence of 1 in 10000 newborns. In most of the patients of SMA, exon 7 and/or exon 8 of SMN 1 gene is deleted. In this study we analyzed both exons in SMA patients referred from East Aterbaijan region applying molecular methods.Materials and Methods: SMA patients diagnosed by neurologists were referred to the lab. DNA was extracted from the whole peripheral blood and was analyzed for exons 7 and 8 of SMN1 gene by applying PCR-RFLP technique.Results: Our study indicates that 43.3% (13/30) of SMA type I patients and 6.25% (1/16) of SMA type II patients had deletions in both exons 7 and 8 of SMNl gene. Among SMA type II patients, 6.25% had deletions in both exons. Deletion of exon 7 or exon 8 alone was observed in 6.25% of SMA patients affected by type II.Conclusion: Deletions of exon 7 and exon 8 of SMN 1 gene was observed in most of the SMA type I and type II patients.

In recent years, lots of research has been done on effective usage of natural gas; the first step in these processes is conversion of natural gas to Syngas. Natural gas reforming process by refomer Furnace is commonly used for syngas and hydrogen production. In this paper, windows based software, RIPI-RefSim, is introduced. By using proper heat, mass, kinetic and thermodynamic models as well as effect of catalyst shape, the software has been developed for the reformer Furnace simulation for syngas and hydrogen production. RIPI-RefSim could be used in three different modes (Rating, Simulation and Design) and provides user a detailed understanding of Furnace performance, product characteristics, temperature, reaction rates and pressure drop profiles, heat loss, effect of catalyst shape, and etc.